Research Progress on Role of Ferroptosis in Immunoresistance of Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer / 肿瘤防治研究

Ferroptosis is a novel regulatory cell death characterized by iron dependence and mainly caused by the accumulation of lipid peroxides and reactive oxygen species in the cell. This process plays an important role in the development of many malignancies, and has been extensively studied in lung cancer, especially in antitumor therapy. In recent years, the role of ferroptosis in tumor immunotherapy has been gradually explored. Studies showed that targeting ferroptosis can improve the therapeutic efficacy of antitumor immunotherapy. In addition, immunotherapy and ferroptosis can work synergistically to enhance the effectiveness of antitumor therapy, suggesting a potential relationship between ferroptosis and immunotherapy and the possible reversal of immune drug resistance. This study aims to elucidate the characteristics of ferroptosis, and the role and potential clinical applications of ferroptosis in the antitumor immunotherapy of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. We also explore the role of some nanomaterials that target the onset of tumor ferroptosis in facilitating immunotherapy.

Ecological Suitability and Quality Zoning of Panax ginseng Cultivated Under Forest in Liaoning Province / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo identify potential distribution areas for wild Panax ginseng cultivated under forest in Liaoning province， China， and analyze the ecological factors of spatial stratified heterogeneity affecting its ecological suitability and quality suitability. MethodWild Panax ginseng samples cultivated under forest were collected from 33 cultivation bases in Liaoning province. The Maxent maximum entropy model and ArcGIS were used to delineate the ecological suitability zones. Correlation analysis was performed on seven indicators and 110 ecological factors. Variables with significant correlation （P<0.05） were used to build partial least squares regression analysis models. A comprehensive quality zoning was conducted using the analytic hierarchy process （AHP）. The geographic detector was employed to analyze the interactions among dominant ecological factors of spatial stratified heterogeneity affecting habitat suitability， quality suitability， and the ecological driving factors. ResultVegetation type was the most influential ecological factor for delineating the ecological suitability zones for wild Panax ginseng in Liaoning province. The main ecological suitability areas for wild Panax ginseng cultivated under forest were located in the northeast， east， and southeast regions along the line from Xifeng County to Gaizhou City. The comprehensive quality suitability of wild Panax ginseng cultivated under forest was highest in Kuandian County and Huanren County and gradually decreased to the northwest and southwest. Within the delineated regions， the suitability conditions and comprehensive quality of wild Panax ginseng cultivated under forest were primarily influenced by the interactions between radiation and precipitation factors. The content of the measured samples was significantly higher than the standards in the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia， indicating the high overall quality of wild Panax ginseng in Liaoning Province. ConclusionAccording to the zoning and prediction results， areas in Fengcheng City， Xiuyan County， Zhuanghe City， Liaoyang County， Tieling County， Xifeng County， Gaizhou City， Haicheng City， and Dashiqiao City showed large potential distribution areas with high quality， making them highly promising for wild Panax ginseng cultivation. However， further experimental verification is required. The zoning results can provide insights for research on habitat suitability and comprehensive quality accumulation of wild Panax ginseng cultivated under forest， as well as guidance for the search for potential cultivation areas and industrial development of wild Panax ginseng in Liaoning Province.

A nomogram based on clinical factors and gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MRI for prediction of GPC-3 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of a nomogram based on clinical factors and gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA)-enhanced MRI for predicting the expression of Glypican-3 (GPC-3) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:The clinical and imaging data of 85 patients with HCC confirmed by pathology in the Provincial Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from July 2018 to June 2021 were retrospectively collected. All the patients underwent Gd-BOPTA-enhanced MRI scan before operation. According to the expression of GPC-3 by immunohistochemistry, the patients were divided into GPC-3 positive group (55 cases) and GPC-3 negative group (30 cases). The clinical data of patients were collected, including gender, age, hepatitis, cirrhosis, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and glutamine transferase levels. The MRI qualitative signs including tumor margin, ring enhancement, intratumoral hemorrhage, enhanced capsule, and satellite nodules were reviewed. MRI quantitative parameters including the largest tumor diameter, Gd-BOPTA-enhanced tumor-to-liver parenchyma signal ratio (TLR) and tumor enhancement ratio (TER) in arterial phase (AP), portal venous phase (PP), and hepatobiliary phase (HBP) were calculated. The independent sample t-test or Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the quantitative data between the two groups, and the χ2 test was used to compare the qualitative data between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent predictors of GPC-3 expression, and a nomogram model was established. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the predictive performance of each independent factor and nomogram, and DeLong test was used to compare differences in area under the curve (AUC). Results:There were significant differences in AFP, tumor margin, intratumoral hemorrhage, and TLR-AP, TLR-PP and TLR-HBP between GPC-3 positive and negative groups (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression results showed that AFP≥20 μg/L, intratumoral hemorrhage and TLR-HBP were independent predictors of GPC-3 positive expression in HCC (OR=3.816, 4.788, 0.001, all P<0.05). The preoperative clinical and Gd-BOPTA-enhanced MRI nomogram model for predicting GPC-3 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma was established. The AUC of AFP≥20 μg/L, intratumoral hemorrhage, TLR-HBP and nomogram model in predicting GPC-3 positive expression were 0.688, 0.697, 0.808, and 0.879, respectively. The AUC of nomogram model was significantly better than those of the other three single indicator ( Z=3.82, 4.13, 2.04, P<0.001,<0.001,=0.042). Conclusion:The nomogram model based on indicators of clinical and qualitative and quantitative Gd-BOPTA-enhanced MRI has better performance in predicting the expression of HCC GPC-3 before surgery, which is higher than those of each single indicator.

Impact of bicuspid aortic valve or tricuspid aortic valve on hemodynamics and left ventricular reverse remodeling in patients after transcatheter aortic valve replacement / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To compare the impact of bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) or tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) on hemodynamics and left ventricular reverse remodeling after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients who underwent TAVR in our hospital from January 2019 to March 2021. Patients were divided into BAV group and TAV group according to aortic contrast-enhanced CT. Each patient was followed up by N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and echocardiography at four time points, namely before TAVR, 24 hours, 1 month and 6 months after TAVR. Echocardiographic data, including mean pressure gradient (MPG), aortic valve area (AVA), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricle mass (LVM) and LV mass index (LVMi) were evaluated. Results: A total of 41 patients were included. The age was (75.0±8.6) years, and male patients accounted for 53.7%. There were 19 BAV patients and 22 TAV patients in this cohort. All patients undergoing TAVR using a self-expandable prosthesis Venus-A valve. MPG was (54.16±21.22) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) before TAVR, (21.11±9.04) mmHg at 24 hours after TAVR, (18.84±7.37) mmHg at 1 month after TAVR, (17.68±6.04) mmHg at 6 months after TAVR in BAV group. LVEF was (50.42±13.30)% before TAVR, (53.84±10.59)% at 24 hours after TAVR, (55.68±8.71)% at 1 month after TAVR and (57.42±7.78)% at 6 months after TAVR in BAV group. MPG and LVEF substantially improved at each time point after operation, and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05) in BAV group. MPG in TAV group improved at each time point after operation, and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). LVMi was (164.13±49.53), (156.37±39.11), (146.65±38.84) and (134.13±39.83) g/m2 at the 4 time points and the value was significantly reduced at 1 and 6 months post TAVR compared to preoperative level(both P<0.05). LVEF in the TAV group remained unchanged at 24 hours after operation, but it was improved at 1 month and 6 months after operation, and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). LVMi in TAV group substantially improved at each time point after operation, and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). NT-proBNP in both two groups improved after operation, at 1 month and 6 months after operation, and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). MPG in TAV group improved better than in BAV group during the postoperative follow-up (24 hours after TAVR: (11.68±5.09) mmHg vs. (21.11±9.04) mmHg, P<0.001, 1 month after TAVR: (10.82±3.71) mmHg vs. (18.84±7.37) mmHg, P<0.001, 6 months after TAVR: (12.36±4.42) mmHg vs. (17.68±6.04) mmHg, P=0.003). There was no significant difference in NT-proBNP between BAV group and TAV group at each time point after operation (all P>0.05). There was no significant difference in paravalvular regurgitation and second prosthesis implantation between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions: AS patients with BAV or TAV experience hemodynamic improvement and obvious left ventricular reverse remodeling after TAVR, and the therapeutic effects of TAVR are similar between BAV and TAV AS patients in the short-term post TAVR.

Ziyin Huatan Recipe, a Chinese herbal compound, inhibits migration and invasion of gastric cancer by upregulating RUNX3 expression / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVES@#Ziyin Huatan Recipe (ZYHT), a traditional Chinese medicine comprised of Lilii Bulbus, Pinelliae Rhizoma, and Hedyotis Diffusa, has shown promise in treating gastric cancer (GC). However, its potential mechanism has not yet been clearly addressed. This study aimed to predict targets and molecular mechanisms of ZYHT in treating GC by network pharmacology analysis and to explore the role of ZYHT in GC both in vitro and in vivo.@*METHODS@#Targets and molecular mechanisms of ZYHT were predicted via network pharmacology analysis. The effects of ZYHT on the expression of metastasis-associated targets were further validated by Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. To explore the specific molecular mechanisms of the effects of ZYHT on migration and invasion, the runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) gene was knocked out by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9, and lentiviral vectors were transfected into SGC-7901 cells. Then lung metastasis model of GC in nude mice was established to explore the anti-metastasis effect of ZYHT. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to explore the impact of ZYHT on the expression of metastasis-related proteins with or without RUNX3 gene.@*RESULTS@#The network pharmacology analysis showed that ZYHT might inhibit focal adhesion, migration, invasion and metastasis of GC. ZYHT inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells in vitro via regulating the expression of metastasis-associated targets. Knocking out RUNX3 almost completely reversed the cell phenotypes (migration and invasion) and protein expression levels elicited by ZYHT. In vivo studies showed that ZYHT inhibited the metastasis of GC cells to the lung and prolonged the survival time of the nude mice. Knocking out RUNX3 partly reversed the metastasis of GC cells to the lung and the protein expression levels elicited by ZYHT.@*CONCLUSION@#ZYHT can effectively inhibit the invasion and migration of GC in vitro and in vivo, and its molecular mechanism may relate to the upregulation of RUNX3 expression.

Study on the Protective Effects of Schisandrin A on Hepatic Fibrosis Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride in Mice and Its Mechanism / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To study the pr otective effect of schisandrin A （SA）on CCl 4-induced liver fibrosis model mice and its mechanism. METHODS ：Mice were randomly divided into blank control group ，model group ，silymarin group （positive control，100 mg/kg），SA low-dose and high-dose groups （20，40 mg/kg），with 10 mice in each group. Except for blank control group，other groups were given CCl 4 subcutaneously to induce liver fibrosis model. After successful modeling ，administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically ，once a day ，for consecutive 6 weeks；blank control group and model group were given constant volume of 0.5％sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution intragastrically by the same way. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of liver tissue in mice. UV spectrophotometry and ELISA assay were adopted to detect the serum levels of liver injury indexes （ALT and AST ）and the contents of inflammatory factors （TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6）. Western blotting assay was used to detect the expression of NOD like receptor protein 3（NLRP3）/NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway protein. RESULTS ：Compared with blank control group ，obvious pathological changes of liver fibrosis were observed in model group. The serum levels of liver injury indexes and contents of inflammatory factors were significantly increased （P＜0.01）. The expression of NLRP 3，apoptosis associated spot-like protein ，Caspase-1 and IL- 1β，TGF-β1 and ratios ofp-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65，p-IκBα/IκBα，p-Samd3/Smad3 were increased significantly （P＜0.01）. Compared with model group ，SA could significantly relieve hepatic fibrosis in mice ，reduce serum levels of liver injury indexes and contents of inflammatory factors ，as well as the expression of NLRP 3/NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway protein and phosphorylation level（P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS ： SA can effectively relieve liver injury and inflammation of CCl 4-induced hepatic fibrosis model mice ，which may be through the regulation of NLRP 3/NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathways ，thus inhibiting the process of liver fibrosis.

Bioassay of ansamitocin by Trichoderma plate / 药学学报

This paper describes a bioassay method for the determination of ansamitocin titers. A fungal strain sensitive to ansamitocin was classified to the genus Trichoderma based on phylogenetic analysis of its ITS sequence, and designated as Trichoderma CPCC 400749. PDA plates of Trichoderma CPCC 400749 were prepared to assay ansamitocin titers of Actinosynnema pretiosum ATCC 31565. The titers were consistent with those determined by HPLC. The bioassay method may have the potential use in high-throughput screening for Actinosynnema pretiosum mutants with improved ansamitocin titers.

Screening and Verification of RNA-seq-based PBCRS for Treating Key Genes of Breast Cancer / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To study the inhibitory effect of the medicine group of promoting blood circulation and removing stasis (PBCRS) on breast cancer induced by 7, 12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in rats, and screen out and verify key genes based on RNA Sequencing (RNA-seq) technology and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Method: Totally 96 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into blank group, DMBA model control group, tamoxifen (TAM) group (1.9 mg·kg-1·d-1), high-dose, middle-dose and low-dose PBCRS groups (12.96, 6.48, 3.24 g·kg-1·d-1). One week after drug intervention, except for the blank group, the DMBA was used to induce the rat model of breast cancer (with an interval of a week, irrigation for two times at the dose of 100 mg·kg-1). After 10 weeks, the changes in tumor weight and tumor volume were observed. The total RNA was extracted by total RNA extraction kit, and three RNA samples were collected from the DMBA model control group and the middle-dose PBCRS group for genetic testing. Based on RNA-seq, key differential genes were screened out and verified by Real-time PCR. Result: Comparing with the DMBA model control group, the tumor volume and tumor weight in middle-dose PBCRS group were decreased significantly (PPConclusion: PBCRS may inhibit the occurrence of breast cancer by interfering with the expression of FBP1 in breast cancer tissue.

Molecular Identification of Atractylodes Plants Based on ITS2 Sequence / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To identify the genetic relationship of cultivated and wild Atractylodes and its closely related species by using the Internal Transcribed Spacer 2(ITS2)barcode,in order to explore the cultivation origin of A. coreana from Northeast China. Method: Genomic DNAs were extracted from 40 samples of Atractylodes and its closely related species from different cultivated habitats,and 7 samples of wild A. coreana. were also extracted. The ITS2 sequences of these samples were amplified, and bidirectional sequencing was conducted by polymerase chain reaction(PCR). Totally 47 ITS2 sequences were aligned by using MEGA 5.0,5.8S and 28S sequences were removed to obtain the complete ITS2 sequence and build neighbor-joining (NJ) tree. Result: The lengths of ITS2 sequences of all samples were 232 bp. The NJ tree and the secondary structures of ITS2 showed that various varieties could be distinguished obviously except A. chinesis and A. coreana,which showed a good monophyly. The NJ tree showed that cultivated and wild A. coreana can also get together very well. Conclusion: As a DNA barcode,ITS2 sequences can be used to stably and accurately distinguish various varieties of Atractylodes. The relationship between A. chinesis and A. coreana is very close. A. coreana can be considered as a variant of A. coreana in North China. It is recommended to incorporate A. coreana into A. chinesis. The large-scale cultivation of A. coreana may originate from local wild population in Liaoning province,and the provenance may come from Xiuyan and other places in Liaoning province.

Exploration of “Component-Target-Pathway” of Guanxinshutong Caspules in Treatment of Coronary Heart Disease / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To explore the"multi-component, multi-target, multi-pathway" network regulation mechanism of Guanxinshutong caspules (GXST) in treatment of coronary heart disease by network pharmacology method. METHODS: The chemical components of GXST were identified based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and the oral bioavailability (OB)≥30% and drug likeness (DL)≥0.18 were used as the screening conditions for obtaining active molecular compounds. The targets related to the active compounds were predicted through the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database (TCMSP).The relevant targets of coronary heart disease were searched through literature mining and multiple databases and compared with the predicted component targets. Finally, the targets were introduced into the Molecule Annotation System 3.0 (MAS 3.0)to analyze the main biological pathways. RESULTS: Forty-three compounds were identified in GXST based on LC-MS technology and 10 main active compounds were determined through OB and DL screening, such as ellagic acid, cryptotanshinone, and tanshinone. These components affected 26 key targets, such as CLP, LDLR, TNF, et al, and 49 KEGG pathways were involved (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: GXST produces therapeutic effect for coronary heart disease mainly through the TGF-beta, T cell receptors, and MAPK signaling pathway.This study further reveals the characteristics of the multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway of GXST, and lays a certain foundation for further elucidation of the mechanism of GXST in the treatment of coronary heart disease.

Shenyi Capsule () plus Chemotherapy versus Chemotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review of Overlapping Meta-Analyses / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assist decision-makers interpret and choose among conflfl icting meta-analyses, as well as to offer treatment recommendations based on current best evidence by performing a systematic review of overlapping meta-analyses regarding Shenyi Capsule (, SC) plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A literature search was conducted to select systematic reviews comparing SC plus chemotherapy with chemotherapy for NSCLC. Meta-analyses only composed of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) met the inclusion criteria. Two authors individually estimated the quality of meta-analysis and extracted data. The Jadad decision algorithm was applied to guarantee which meta-analysis provided the best original evidence.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 5 meta-analyses were included. All the studies composed of RCTs or quasi-RCTs and were regarded as level-II evidence. The scores of the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews ranged from 3 to 6 (median 4). A high-quality meta-analysis with more RCTs was chosen, which suggested that SC plus chemotherapy could increase incidence of short-term efficacy, improve the quality of life and survival rate in comparison to chemotherapy. However, there was no statistically significant difference between SC plus chemotherapy and chemotherapy regarding chemotherapy-induced side effect, such as liver and kidney function obstacle, leukopenia, hemoglobin decrement and gastrointestinal adverse reaction.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Based on the best available evidence, treatment effect of SC plus chemotherapy was better than chemotherapy and did not increase side effects. Therefore, SC plus chemotherapy may be superior to chemotherapy for treating NSCLC. However, due to some limitations, SC plus chemotherapy should be cautiously considered, and further high-quality meta-analyses are needed.</p>

Quality control of Dandeng Tongnao Ruanjiaonang based on UPLC fingerprint combined with chemical pattern recognition / 中国中药杂志

To establish the ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) fingerprint of Dandeng Tongnao Ruanjiaonang and conduct a systemic, comprehensive quality evaluation of the drug by combining with a chemical pattern recognition method. In this study, Waters UPLC ultra-high performance liquid chromatography instrument and ACQUITY UPLCHSS T3 chromatographic colum n were employed to perform the separation with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid aqueous solution as the mobile phase for gradient elution; and the detection wavelength was set at 256 nm to establish the UPLC fingerprint of 10 batches of Dandeng Tongnao Ruanjiaonang. Then, the further quality assessment of the drug was carried out by similarity evaluation, Cluster Analysis(CA), Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Finally, 77 peaks were recognised as common peaks in the fingerprint, and 15 peaks of them were identified using standard references. The similarity value of these 10 batches of drugs was all above 0.960, indicating a relatively stable quality. But minor differences were still discovered between the batches of the drug by CA and PCA. Finally, 6 common peaks were recognised as the quality makers using OPLS-DA method. The analysis method established in this study was scientific, accurate, reliable and simple; fingerprint combined with chemical pattern recognition technique can be used to systematically and comprehensively evaluate the drug quality of Dandeng Tongnao Ruanjiaonang; what's more, it could also provide a reference for the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine and its preparations at the same time.

Angiogenesis and Hepatic Fibrosis: Western and Chinese Medicine Therapies on the Road / 中国结合医学杂志

Hepatic fibrosis is a common feature of almost all chronic liver diseases. Formation of new vessels (angiogenesis) is a process strictly related to the progressive fibrogenesis which leads to cirrhosis and liver cancer. This review mainly concerns the relationship between angiogenesis and hepatic fibrosis, by considering the mechanism of angiogenesis, cells in angiogenesis, anti-angiogenic and Chinese medicine therapies.

The Chemical Constituents Study of Naoxintong Capsules Based on UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To establish a novel ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS) method to study the chemical composition of Naoxintong capsules rapidly and accurately. METHODS: The information of accurate mass in full-MS and multistage fragment ions was obtained by the novel UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap technology. Chemical constituents were identified by comparing the relative retention time and the mass data of the reference substances, meanwhile consulting the reference literature or the Mass Bank, Chemical Book network database. RESULTS: Forty-four compounds were finally identified in this study, mainly including flavones, authraquinones, terpenoids and organic acids. CONCLUSION: A method is established in this study to identify various chemical constituents of Naoxintong capsules rapidly, accurately and systematically. What's more, our research will lay a sound theoretical foundation and propose a scientific study idea for the quality control improvement, bioactive components recognition and further clinical application of this herbal formulation.

Yaotu Granules regulate the Fas/FasL expression in a rabbit model of lumbar disc degeneration / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Yaotu Granules have been proved to protect human nucleus pulposus cells and delay their degeneration. Notably, Yaotu Granules for lumbar disc herniation has achieved good clinical results.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of the herbal compound formula Yaotu Granules on the Fas/FasL expression in a rabbit model of lumbar disc degeneration, and further elucidate the underling mechanism of preventing and treating lumbar disc degeneration.METHODS: Twenty New Zealand white rabbits were enrolled and the models of lumbar disc degeneration were established by minimally invasive puncture and rotation cutting, followed by randomized into normal saline, low-, middle-,and high-dose groups (n=5 per group). 10 mL of normal saline, 10, 20, and 40 mL of water decoction of Yaotu Granules were administered intragastrically into the normal saline, low-, middle-, and high-dose drug groups for 21 days, twice daily, respectively. Subsequently, the expression level of Fas/FasL in the rabbit nucleus pulposus cells in each group was detected.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The signal intensity of the rabbit lumbar disc on MRI was decreased, and ruptured annulus and posterior herniated disc were visible at 12 weeks after modeling. Masson staining showed that the nucleus pulposus cells arranged in disorder, and even ruptured. Additionally, safranin O staining found that the number of nucleus pulposus cells was decreased obviously. The order of the relative expression levels of Fas and FasL mRNA in the nucleus pulposus cells was as follows: normal saline group > low-dose drug group > middle-dose drug group > high-dose drug group (P < 0.05). These results suggest that Yaotu Granules delay the rabbit lumbar disc degeneration by downregulating the expression level of Fas/FasL.

Simultaneous determination of eight constituents in Xuebijing Injection by UPLC-MS/MS / 中成药

AIM To establish an ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous content determination of gallic acid,matrine,danshensu,hydroxysafflor yellow A,caffeic acid,paeoniflorin,ferulic acid and cynaroside in Xuebijing Injection (Carthami Flos,Paeoniae Radix Rubra,Chuanxiong Rhizoma,etc.).METHODS The analysis of 5％ acetonitrile extract of this drug was performed on a 40 ℃ thermostatic ACQUITY UPLC(C) BEH C18 column (2.1 mm × 50 mm,1.8 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-0.1％ formic acid flowing at 0.2 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,after which cluster analysis was applied to the determined contents.RESULTS Eight constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges (r ＞ 0.996 0),whose average recoveries were 95％-104％ with the RSDs of less than 3％.Generally the contents of various constituents in ten batches of samples were found to be stable except the certain differences contributed by gallic acid and paeoniflorin.CONCLUSION We should pay attention to the quality of different batches of Xuebijing Injection due to their uneven performance.

Simultaneous Determination of 9 Components in Compound Xueshuantong Capsules by UPLC-MS/MS / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for simultaneous determination of tanshinol,caffeic acid,rosmarinic,salviano-lic acid B,salvianolic acid A,tanshinoneⅠ,cryptotanshinone,tanshinone ⅡA and ursolic acid in Compound xueshuantong cap-sules. METHODS:UPLC-MS/MS method was adopted. The determination was performed on ACQUITY UPLC? BEH C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.1%formic acid(gradient elution)at the flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. The column tempera-ture was 40 ℃,and the temperature of injector was 10 ℃. Analysis time was 7 min,and sample size was 5 μL. The electrospray ionization source(ESI)was used;ion source temperature was 150℃;capillary voltage was 3.5 kV;cone flow was 50 L/h;desol-vation temperature was 350 ℃;desolvation gas flow was 650 L/h;nebuliser pressure was 7 × 105 Pa;ion monitoring and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was performed. RESULTS:The linear ranges of tanshinol,caffeic acid,rosmarinic,salvianolic acid B,salvianolic acid A,tanshinoneⅠ,cryptotanshinone,tanshinone ⅡA and ursolic acid were 10.0-100.0 μg/mL (r=0.9998), 0.1-1.0 μg/mL(r=0.9998),4.0-40.0 μg/mL(r=0.9999),10.0-100.0 μg/mL(r=0.9999),15.0-150.0 μg/mL(r=0.9997), 8.0-80.0 μg/mL(r=0.9998),10.0-100.0 μg/mL(r=0.9997),50.0-500.0 μg/mL(r=0.9997)and 6.0-60.0 μg/mL(r=0.9998), respectively. The limits of quantitation were 40.0,9.6,38.0,88.0,130.0,39.0,4.4,3.2 and 10.0 ng/mL,separately. The limits of detection were 12.0,3.0,11.0,26.0,39.0,12.0,1.3,1.0 and 3.0 ng/mL,respectively. RSDs of precision,stability and repro-ducibility tests were all lower than 3%. The recoveries were 97.34%-103.20%(RSD=2.19%,n=6),97.22%-102.39%(RSD=2.03%,n=6),98.51%-101.70%(RSD=1.32%,n=6),97.86%-102.49%(RSD=2.09%,n=6),96.75%-103.12%(RSD=2.36%,n=6),98.43%-101.65%(RSD=1.25%,n=6), 97.59%-101.50%(RSD=1.50%,n=6), 96.45%-102.88%(RSD=2.58%,n=6),97.02%-103.11%(RSD=2.38%,n=6),separately. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple and accurate,and can be used for simultaneous determination of 9 components in Compound xueshuantong capsules.

"Pro. SUN Zhi's Experience of""Purge Stomach and Tonify Spleen""Treatment of Acupuncture on Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus" / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective] Analyze the academic thought ofpurge stomach and tonify spleentreatment used by Professor SUN Zhi in acupuncture on type-2 diabetes mellitus during his clinical experience.[Method] According to new recognition of type-2 diabetes mellitus pathogenesis, study of acupuncture theory, clinical manipulation, conclude acupuncture point choices and needling methods ofpurge stomach and tonify spleentreatment, studying its characteristics. [Result] Type-2 diabetes mellitus belonging toXiaokecategory which features excessive discharge of urine and persistent thirst in Chinese medicine, but their pathogenesis is not the same, Professor SUN Zhi based on years of clinical observation found that patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus commonly manifested obese, polyorexia and accompanied by fatigue, summarized asstrong stomach and weak spleen. Tonify the deficiency and purge sthenia, using acupuncture manipulation, regulating spleen and stomach function, by reducing method of acupuncture Zhongwan, Zusanli and Neiting to inhibt stomach and control appetite, reinforcing method of acupuncture Sanyinjiao, Taibai, Pishu to enhance the transport of the spleen, meaning purging stomach and tonifying spleen. This treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus in clinic achieved good results. [Conclusion]Purge stomach and tonify spleentreatment offers a new way of acupuncture to treat diabetes, deserving further exploration, popularization and application.

Frontal and scalp expanded skin flap combined with laser hair removal for children congenital facial giant nevi / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To investigate the feasibility and therapeutic effect of frontal and scalp expanded skin flap combined with laser hair removal for children congenital facial giant nevi.@*Methods@#From January 2013 to December 2015, 6 cases with congenital facial giant nevi were treated with expanded frontal and scalp skin flap combined with laser hair removal in the department of plastic surgery, An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University. The process of treatment could be divided into three stages. Stage 1: The expander capacity was determined according to the size of lesion. Expander was implanted under the galea aponeurotica in front and scalp, and expanded regularly postoperatively. Stage 2: The expander was removed and facial giant nevi was excised. The expanded skin flap was designed according to the shape and size of nevi. Stage 3: After the expanded skin flap healed completely, laser hair removal was performed for 4-6 times with 6 weeks of interval time.@*Results@#300 ml to 350 ml expanders were selected with expanding frequency of 2 times a week. The expansion time lasted for 16 to 20 weeks(average, 18.7 weeks). The complications such as leakage, angle and skin flap blood supply obstacle didn't occurr in the process of expansion. The size of frontal and scalp skin flap ranged from 12 cm×11 cm to 20 cm×17 cm. Venous drainage disorder happened in one flap and was treated by partial suture removal and acupuncture bleeding treatment. Skin flap necrosis didn't occurred. The defects at donor sites were sutured directly with inconspicious scar. The effect of semiconductor laser hair removal was good without recurrence during one-year follow-up period. All expanded skin flaps had no obvious contraction with good match of color and texture.@*Conclusions@#This method provides a new selection of donor site for larger facial defect with reliable effet. The facial giant nevi could be excised completely and repaired in one operation with short operation time. The scar in middle face and secondary deformities can be avoided.

Quantitative research on multiple active components in Dandeng Tongnao Soft Capsules by UPLC-MS/MS-pattern recognition / 中草药

Objective: To establish a rapid MS method for the determination of nine principal active components (danshensu, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid B, salvianolic acid A, tanshinone I, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone IIA, and ursolic acid) in Dandeng Tongnao Soft Capsules (DTSC), in order to make a comprehensive evaluation of the quality of drugs by pattern recognition technology. Methods: The UPLC-MS/MS method was used and the chromatographic conditions were as follows: The column was Acquity UPLC® BEH C18 (50 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm); The mobile phase was consisted of acetonitrile-water (containing 0.1% formic acid) at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min with gradient elution; Mass spectrometer conditions: a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with electrospray ionization source (ESI) was used in positive and negative ion mode, and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was performed except ursolic acid in selected ion recording (SIR) for quantitative analysis of these compounds; The results of determination were calculated by the pattern recognition function of multivariate data processing software SIMCA 14.0 to evaluate the quality of DTSC. Results: Under the optimized conditions, danshensu, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid B, salvianolic acid A, tanshinone I, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone IIA, and ursolic acid all showed good liners in the ranges of 100.0-1 000.0, 1.0-10.0, 8.0-80.0, 120.0-1 200.0, 15.0-150.0, 40.0-400.0, 10.0-100.0, 10.0-100.0, and 1.2-12.0 μg/mL, respectively (r ≥ 0.999 6). The recoveries were ranged from 98% to 101%, and RSDs were below 3%. The average contents in 10 batches of DTSC were (4.854 ± 0.314), (0.063 ± 0.005), (0.764 ± 0.070), (12.937 ± 0.648), (1.954 ± 0.178), (3.623 ± 0.221), (0.720 ± 0.062), (1.437 ± 0.116), and (0.073 ± 0.007) mg/g, respectively. The data were analyzed by SIMCA 14.0 software, and the results showed that the quality deviation of 10 batches of DTSC was below 2 SD (standard deviation, SD) range. Conclusion: The result shows that the UPLC-MS/MS method is simple, sensitive, and accurate for the rapid determination of main active components in the DTSC; It also shows that the quality of DTSC is stable in the different batches and displays an overall comprehensive evaluation of the drug quality using the multivariate data pattern recognition method, and provides a scientific basis and data processing method for the quality control of this drug.